Born in 1798, Delacroix was one of the revolutionary painters of his time, believing that color was infinitely more important than drawing. Ingres' great rival was Eugène Delacroix, who did not accept the standards of the academy and said he had no patience for the constant references to the production of Greeks and Romans. Orphan Girl in the Cemetery, Eugène Delacroix It is also at this moment that artists and craftsmen distinguish themselves. Modern art emerges in a context full of complex elements: between the end of the 20th century and 18th and beginning of the 19th is fully established and the great academies proliferate the critics and, the first exhibitions. During that time, we went through the height of the Industrial Revolution, which was born in England and spread through Europe and later through the United States, transforming production methods consumer goods, energy production, etc. The notion of a “modern art” emerges in the middle of the 19th century, around 1850, 1860. Historically speaking, the term “modern” is used to designate the Modern Age, which succeeds the Middle Ages. The adjective “modern” designated a time frame – time was modern, creating a distinction with the “ancient”, or “past”. To begin with, it is necessary to better understand the term “modern”: used in Latin since the 5th century AD, the word “modern” is used in all fields of knowledge, takes on new contours in different historical periods, and ends up designing itself as essential in the perspective of the Industrial Revolution, as intrinsic to reflections on Capitalism, and, of course, appears in cultural studies, architecture, literature, etc. What is modern art? How do we separate and define the terms modern, modernism, modernity? How and why did these movements arrive in Brazil?
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